Begin by peeling the green papaya and slicing it in half to remove the seeds. Shred the papaya into thin strips and place it in cold water with ice cubes.

In a small mixing bowl, whisk together fresh lime juice, fish sauce, maple syrup, minced garlic, and optional vinegar. Adjust seasoning to taste.

Drain and pat dry shredded papaya. In a mixing bowl, combine papaya, carrots, herbs, scallions, and chili. Toss gently.

Pour the dressing over the salad and toss thoroughly to coat.

Transfer the salad to a serving platter and sprinkle with toasted peanuts just before serving.